Strategic Approach to Coping Scale, SACS

Test scores

Higher scores indicate stronger use of the corresponding coping strategy.

• Assertive Action reflects a direct, active, and self-confident approach to dealing with problems or protecting one's interests.

• Social Joining reflects coping through cooperation, affiliation, and working together with other people.

• Seeking Social Support reflects turning to others for help, advice, emotional support, or practical assistance.

• Cautious Action reflects careful, deliberate, and planned coping, including weighing options before acting.

• Instinctive Action reflects quick, spontaneous, or intuitive responses to stress, with less emphasis on extended planning or analysis.

• Avoidance reflects withdrawing from the problem, delaying action, or trying not to deal directly with the stressful situation.

• Indirect Action reflects coping through indirect, strategic, or less openly confrontational ways of influencing the situation.

• Antisocial Action reflects coping in ways that disregard, exploit, or undermine other people's interests.

• Aggressive Action reflects hostile, coercive, or confrontational responses to stress, including attempts to dominate or attack the source of difficulty.