Cook-Medley Hostility Scale, CMHS-27

Test scores

The hostility tested by the Ho scale is defined by Cook and Medley to refer to the individual's measure of «chronic hate and anger». Specifically, the hostile individual is characterized by a poor and highly critical perception of other people, often fueled by the belief that others are fundamentally immoral, dishonest and cruel. They are of the mindset that others ought to be subjected to suffering and punishment for these perceived flaws. In later studies, this definition of hostility was improved to include the individual's tendency towards cynicism and paranoia, especially towards others.