Health, illness, and care assessment focuses on how people understand illness, manage treatment, interact with healthcare systems, and adapt to long-term health conditions. These measures address illness perceptions, uncertainty, recovery beliefs, treatment adherence, patient trust, healthcare experience, self-management, and caregiver burden.
Unlike somatic-symptom measures, these instruments are less concerned with what the body feels like and more concerned with how illness is interpreted, managed, communicated, and lived with over time. They are especially relevant in chronic illness, rehabilitation, medication use, patient–provider relationships, and family caregiving.
The Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP-II) assesses health-promoting behaviors, including health responsibility, physical activity, nutrition, spiritual growth, interpersonal relations, and stress management.
The Medical Outcomes Study – Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) assesses health-related quality of life across physical functioning, role limitations, pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, emotional role limitations, and mental health.
The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) assesses health-related quality of life in children and adolescents, including physical, emotional, social, and school functioning.
These measures assess how people understand, interpret, and emotionally respond to illness, including beliefs about causes, consequences, control, recovery, and personal meaning.
The Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (Brief IPQ) provides a rapid assessment of cognitive and emotional representations of illness, including perceived consequences, timeline, control, symptoms, concern, understanding, and emotional impact.
The Illness Cognition Questionnaire assesses cognitive appraisals of chronic illness, including helplessness, acceptance, and perceived benefits.
The Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness Scale (MUIS-A) assesses uncertainty related to illness, including ambiguity of symptoms, complexity of treatment, unpredictability, inconsistent information, and difficulty planning for the future. It is especially relevant in chronic illness, oncology, and health psychology.
The Recovery Locus of Control Scale (RLOC) assesses beliefs about whether recovery is influenced mainly by one's own actions, healthcare professionals, chance, or other external factors.
The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Scale (MHLC) assesses beliefs about whether health outcomes are controlled by one's own behavior, chance, or powerful others such as medical professionals.
The Aging Perceptions Questionnaire (APQ) assesses self-perceptions of aging, including beliefs about aging-related changes, consequences, control, and emotional responses. It is especially relevant in health psychology and aging research.
The Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale (PAIS) assesses adjustment to physical illness across domains such as health care orientation, vocational environment, domestic environment, sexual relationships, extended family relationships, social environment, and psychological distress.
The Patient Activation Measure (PAM) assesses knowledge, confidence, and engagement in managing one's health.
The Health Self-Efficacy Scale assesses confidence in performing behaviors that support health and illness management.
These measures assess patients' trust in physicians, mistrust of medical institutions, perceived professionalism of healthcare providers, and subjective experience of medical care.
The Trust in Physician Scale (TPS) assesses patients' interpersonal trust in their physician, including confidence in the physician's honesty, competence, confidentiality, and concern for the patient.
The Medical Mistrust Index (MMI) assesses mistrust of medical organizations and healthcare systems, including suspicion, doubts about honesty, and concerns about unequal or harmful treatment.
The International Patient Assessment Tool for Medical Professionalism (IPAMP) assesses patients' perceptions of medical professionalism in healthcare encounters, including respect, communication, responsibility, confidentiality, and ethical conduct.
The Patient Experience Questionnaire (PEQ) assesses patients' experiences with healthcare services, including communication, information, contact with providers, organization of care, and overall satisfaction.
The Vaccination Attitudes Examination Scale (VAX) assesses negative attitudes toward vaccination, including mistrust of vaccine benefit, worries about future effects, concerns about commercial profiteering, and preference for natural immunity.
The Vaccine Conspiracy Beliefs Scale (VCBS) assesses endorsement of conspiracy beliefs about vaccines and vaccination programs.
These measures assess how patients take prescribed medication, how they evaluate treatment, and whether beliefs or attitudes toward medication may support or interfere with adherence.
The Medication Adherence Report Scale (MARS) assesses self-reported medication-taking behavior, including nonadherence patterns such as forgetting, changing doses, stopping medication, or taking less medication than prescribed.
The Medication Adherence Scale (MAS-12) assesses self-reported adherence to prescribed medication and barriers that may interfere with regular medication use.
The Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI-30) assesses patients' subjective attitudes toward prescribed psychotropic medication, especially favorable or unfavorable beliefs that may be associated with treatment adherence.
The Newest Vital Sign (NVS) is a brief health literacy screening tool that assesses the ability to read, understand, and use health-related information, often using a nutrition label task.
The Client Motivation for Therapy Scale assesses clients' motivation for psychotherapy, including reasons for entering treatment and readiness to engage in therapeutic work.
The University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA) assesses readiness to change according to stages such as precontemplation, contemplation, action, and maintenance.
The Working Alliance Inventory (WAI-S) assesses the therapeutic alliance, including agreement on therapy goals, agreement on therapeutic tasks, and the emotional bond between client and therapist.
The Group Psychotherapy Social Interest Scale assesses social interest, cooperation, and orientation toward others in the context of group psychotherapy.
The Barrett-Lennard Relationship Inventory (BLRI) assesses perceived relationship conditions such as empathic understanding, congruence, unconditional regard, and level of regard.
The Internalized Stigma of Mental Illness Scale (ISMI) assesses the internalization of mental illness stigma, including alienation, stereotype endorsement, perceived discrimination, social withdrawal, and stigma resistance.
The Perceived Devaluation and Discrimination Scale (PDDS) assesses beliefs that people with mental illness are devalued, rejected, or discriminated against by others.
The Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire (MHKQ) assesses knowledge and awareness of mental health and mental illness, including basic mental health literacy and recognition of mental health issues.
The Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) assesses knowledge and beliefs about mental disorders, including recognition of symptoms, knowledge of risk factors and treatments, help-seeking attitudes, and attitudes that support appropriate mental health care.
The Inventory of Attitudes toward Seeking Mental Health Services (IASMHS + ATSPPHS) assesses attitudes toward seeking professional mental health care, including psychological openness, help-seeking propensity, and indifference to stigma.
The General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ) assesses intentions to seek help from different formal and informal sources for personal, emotional, or mental health problems.
The Zarit Burden Interview (ZBI) assesses perceived burden among family caregivers, including emotional strain, role overload, social restrictions, financial difficulties, and the impact of caregiving on personal well-being.
The Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) assesses multidimensional caregiver burden, including time-dependence, developmental, physical, social, and emotional burden.
The Caregiver Strain Index (CSI) assesses strain experienced by caregivers, including employment, financial, physical, social, and emotional difficulties.
The Caregiver Reaction Assessment (CRA) assesses both negative and positive aspects of caregiving, including disrupted schedule, financial problems, lack of family support, health impact, and caregiver esteem.
The Kingston Caregiver Stress Scale (KCSS) assesses caregiver stress related to caregiving responsibilities, family issues, and financial concerns.